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Disparity
The 10 and 30-year Treasury bond yields are often viewed as “benchmarks”, reflecting the overall state of interest rates in the US economy. Many people concerned about mortgage interest rates track these bonds as a barometer for mortgage interest rates. However, in reality the Treasury and mortgage markets trade independently.
The supply and demand characteristics of Treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities (MBS) differ significantly. Treasury securities represent money needed to fund the operations of the US government. MBSs, on the other hand, represent borrowing by homeowners.
Information related to Treasury bonds is relatively easy to come by. Almost every major news medium reports changes. On the other hand, accurate mortgage interest rate information is difficult and costly to obtain.
In the absence of information directly related to the mortgage interest rate markets, Treasury information can be useful in that the bond market generally trends in the same direction. However, mortgage interest rates can vary significantly. In fact, many times the Treasuries will trade wildly while MBS only see minor price changes and vice versa. Thus, differences between Treasuries and MBS sometimes lead to misleading price change differentials. Last Wednesday mortgage-backed securities closed down 2/32nds on the day while the 10-year Treasury fell 25/32nds and the 30-year Treasury fell 64/32nds. This is a prime example where anyone that looked solely at Treasuries thought the mortgage market was worsening when in reality mortgage interest rates were near unchanged on the day. The data provides a valuable lesson into the differences between treasury bonds and mortgage-backed securities. This is just another example of why looking solely at treasuries can lead people to the wrong conclusions.
Keying in on the correct information can mean the difference between making and losing a tremendous amount of money when making float and lock decisions in the short term.

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