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Larry Pulley

Market Update for Research Triangle Park, NC- Qtr Ended 03/31/2010

06-28-10
Larry Pulley

Home sales in the 3 main counties making up the Research Triangle Park area of NC were up 7.9% in the first quarter of 2010 when compared to 1st quarter 2009. The average sales price dropped 3.7%, however, from $237,900 to $229,000. Sales were up 13.7% in Orange County, 9.7% in Durham County and 7% in Wake County respectively.

New home closed sales were down 23% for the quarter, however, versus the 1st quarter in 2009. The average sales price of new homes sold decreased 8%, from $385,100 to $356,000. Showings of new homes also decreased 23% in the quarter, while inventory of homes was down 25%. Still there were 11 months inventory of new homes at the end of March 2010, the same as March 2009.

Home sales rose 19,5% in the 4th quarter of 2009, but finished the year down 14.6% when compared to 2008. Fourth quarter home sales were stimulated by the federal first time homebuyer tax credits which were set to expire at the end of November. Sales in November were up almost 70% from 2008, but December sales were actually down 7.3% when compared to 2008. Through the first three quarters of the year home sales were down 19.5%.

Sales in Durham County held up best in 2009, down 7.6% for the year. Orange County (Chapel Hill) sales ended the year down 10.6%, while Wake County sales (Raleigh-Cary) were down 13.4% for the year. Sales in the Research Triangle Park area were down 28.8% in 2008 as compared to 2007. The decline in home sales in 2008 was fairly consistent in the 3 county area with declines in each county in the 28-29% range.

Despite the slowdown in home sales, the average price of homes sold held up reasonably well in contrast to some other areas of the country. With the continued slowdown, however, home prices have begun to show some strain which continued in the first quarter of 2010 (see chart below). (Source-Triangle Multiple Listing Service)

2009 Average Sold Home prices and % change by County (City) through for 2009 are as follows:

Durham (Durham)- $196,310 up 0.0%
Wake (Raleigh/Cary)- $243,516 down 7.9%
Orange (Chapel Hill)- $317,847 down 1.2%

2008 Calendar Year Average prices for homes sold were

Durham (Durham)- $196,259
Wake (Raleigh/Cary)- $264,976
Orange (Chapel Hill)- $322,477


For the entire Triangle region, the average price of homes sold in 2009 dropped 6.6% from $238,573 to $222,827 for 2009, while the median price of homes sold dropped 4.2% from $190,000 to $182,000 in the same period. The drop in prices was influenced as much by of the type of homes that were selling, i.e. more homes priced below $250,000 purchased by first time homebuyers taking advantage of the tax credit, as it was by depreciating home values.


Inventory of homes in the Triangle housing market stood at 13 months at the end of March 2010, the same as March 2009. This compares to 7 months of inventory at the end of 2009, the same as at the end of 2008. Total inventory of homes was 14,095 at the end of March, an increase of 5.7% over March 2009. Total inventory at the end of December 2009 was actually down 14.5% from 12,388 homes for sale as of Dec. 31, 2008 to 10,594 homes for sale at the end of Dec. 2009. The increase in inventory in the first quarter 2010 is indicative of renewed hopes by sellers in the local market and a desire to take advantage of the first time and existing homeowner tax credits in place.


The slowdown in sales over the past 2 years has created more of a buyers' market in some of the outer reaches of the Triangle area and in the upper price ranges, although the demand/supply equation is still in balance in most parts of the Triangle area in the $100,000-$250,000 price ranges.


The months in inventory of available homes was typically much higher in the $400,000 and up price ranges creating a good bargaining position for home buyers in these upper price ranges. Many new home builders are offering increased incentives to buyers at this point as well including upgrade options and paid closing costs.


Average price of homes on the market as of March 31, 2010

Durham County
New Homes $271,148
All Homes - $234,312

Wake County
New Homes $388,087
All Homes $324,174

Orange County
New Homes $574,293
All Homes $454,537

(Source- Triangle MLS)


According to figures released by the Federal Housing Finance Agency (www.fhfa.gov) in May 2010, housing prices in the Raleigh-Cary MSA decreased 4.4% for the 12 month period ending in March 2010, while in the Durham-Chapel Hill MSA, prices decreased 2.9% in the same period. This compares to decreases of 5.1% for the state of NC and 3.1% for the entire U.S over the same period. MSA and US numbers include both purchase and refinanced homes while only purchase numbers are available for the states.

Raleigh-Cary ranked #112 and Durham-Chapel Hill 68th in home price appreciation out of 301 large Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSA) for the quarter ending March 31, 2010. The Research Triangle Park area never experienced excessive run-up in home prices that occurred in other parts of the country.

So after several years of lagging the nation in price appreciation at the beginning of the decade, the downward movement of home prices in the Triangle area is significantly better than the national averages over the past 5 years. In the 5 year period ending March 2010, Durham MSA home prices have risen 13.5% while Raleigh-Cary MSA prices rose 14.4%. Home prices over the past 5 years for the entire US decreased 2.9%. Continued slow sales, however, are beginning to put pressure on prices in areas and price ranges of the Triangle with excess inventory.

The credit crunch, caused by an abundance of defaults in the subprime lending market, plus the dumping of homes by speculative investors, which drove prices higher than could be sustained, has created more supply than demand in many parts of the country. An uncertain economy and a desire to purchase at the optimum time kept many buyers on the sidelines. The first time homebuyer credit has stimulated the market for homes priced under $250,000, however.

Unemployment rates in the area remain below national and state averages although these rates have increased dramatically in the past 24 months. The unemployment rate for the Raleigh-Cary MSA stood at 8.4% at the end of April 2010 after peaking at 9.1% at the end of June and July 2009 and standing at 8.7% at the end of December 2009. The unemployment rate for the Raleigh-Cary MSA stood at 6.4% at the end of December 2008.

The unemployment rate for the Durham-Chapel Hill MSA stood at 7.2%% at the end of April 2010, after peaking at 8.4% in June 2009 and ending the year at 7.7%. Unemployment for the Durham-Chapel Hill MSA stood at 5.9% at the end of 2008. These figures were still well below the state unemployment rate of 10.8% and the national rate of 9.7% at the end of April as the entire country tries to recover from a lengthy recession.

There were 17,938 more people employed in the combined Raleigh-Cary-Durham MSAs at the end of April 2010 when compared to April 2009. December 2009 ended with nearly 33,700 fewer employed than a year earlier so the local labor market is beginning to show signs of life. Local economists predict a slow climb towards employment levels of 2007 however. (Source- N.C. Employment Security Commission).

Lender underwriting requirements have definitely tightened over the past couple of years but money for purchasing homes is still available to qualified buyers with stable employment and good credit history. For buyers short on downpayment money, FHA loans have resurfaced as the loan vehicle of choice. Trying to time the bottom of the market in terms of pricing and interest rates is a difficult proposition, just like trying to time the stock market. Interest rates are still near historical lows but fluctuate constantly. When the economy improves and buyers start to stir, both interest rates and home prices are likely to increase. Therefore, this is a great time to purchase a home!


In summary, home sales in the Research Triangle Park area for the first quarter were up nearly 8% after ending year 2009 down nearly 15% for the three county Triangle area. Meanwhile average home sale prices have fallen a bit, although at a slower rate than for much of the country. For the time being the local market is mixed; relatively balanced in the lower and middle price ranges (below $300,000) and in some of the more popular locations throughout the Triangle, but certainly favoring buyers in the upper price ranges including new construction.

For more information about the housing market in the Research Triangle Park area or to discuss buying or selling a home, please contact me at 919-536-0323 or larry@larrypulley.com. Thanks and I look forward to assisting you.


Orange County (Chapel Hill) NC-Market Update for Qtr Ending 3/31/2010

06-28-10
Larry Pulley

Closed home sales in the first quarter of 2010 were up 13.7% over the same period in 2009. Home showings were also up for the quarter with an increase of 17.4% versus first quarter 2009. The average sales price of homes in Orange County for the quarter was $349,290, down 19.8% from 2009. The median sales price of homes sold in the first quarter was down 21.1% from $360,000 to $284,000.

The real estate market in Chapel Hill and Orange County showed dramatic improvement in the fourth quarter with sales up 46.1% when compared to 2008. Much of this increase was undoubtedly attributable to the federal first time homeowner tax credit which was scheduled to expire November 30 before Congress extended and enhanced the program to include existing homeowners.

Despite a strong 4th quarter, home sales in Orange County NC ended the year down 10.6%. Sales through September 2009 were down 22% from 2008. Sales for calendar year 2008 were down 28% when compared to 2007.

The average price of all Orange County homes sold in 2009 was $317,847, down 1.2% as compared to 2008. For Chapel Hill-Carrboro, the average sales price through December was $371,431 down 1.6% from $377,549 in 2008. Average sales price in all of Orange County for 2008 was $322,477, down 5.9% from 2007 figures of $342,740. (Source-Triangle MLS)

The average prices of sold homes in Chapel Hill and Orange County was still well above the average sold prices in 2009 of $196,310 in Durham County and $243,516 in Wake County (Raleigh/Cary), the other two primary counties comprising the Triangle region. (Source-Triangle MLS)

The median price of homes sold in Orange County for 2009 was $258,000, up 1.2% from 2008. The median price of Chapel Hill-Carrboro homes closed in 2009 was $308,000. up 2.7% from 2008. The median price of sold homes in calendar year 2008 was $255,000, up 7.6% from 2007. These numbers indicate prices of smaller homes are holding up very well (Source-Triangle MLS)

The demand for homes in Chapel Hill and Orange County priced under $300,000 is still high, putting a floor on the price of homes in the area, but economic conditions and slow sales are forcing builders and sellers of more expensive homes to negotiate a little more as the percent of original list price received by the seller dropped from $97.2% to 96.7% in Chapel Hill-Carrboro in 2009.

Inventory of available Orange County homes in all price ranges stood at 19 months as of March 31, 2010, up from 8 months in inventory at the end of December. Inventory of homes priced under $300,000 was at 10 months at the end of March. Inventory of homes in all price ranges at stood 7 months at the end of 2008. (Source-Triangle MLS)

For the entirety of Orange county the average price of all homes on the market as of March 31, 2010 was $454,537 versus $476,079 at the end of March 2009, a 4.5% decrease, while the average price of new homes on the market was $574,293 as compared to $617,781 at the end of March 2009, an decrease of 7%.

The average days on the market for sold homes in Orange County in the first quarter was 125 days, the same as the first quarter of 2009. (Source-Triangle Multiple Listing Service)

Local Economy-

The unemployment rate for Orange County stood at 5.9% at the end of April 2010, an improvement from 6.2% at the end of December and the high of 7.1% in July 2009. Orange County gained 1,646 workers in the first quarter after losing 2,980 workers during calendar 2009. The unemployment rate in Orange County was 4.8% at the end of December 2008, and only 2.9% at the end of December 2007.

The statewide seasonably adjusted unemployment rate for N.C. was at 10.8% at the end of April while the national unemployment rate stood at 9.7%. (Source- Employment Security Commission of NC) While the employment picture in Orange County worsened over the past couple of years, the local economy is showing signs of life and is in a much better position than the rest of the state or the nation as a whole. This is primarily because education and health care are the primary industries of Chapel Hill.

In summary, after months decreasing sales, the real estate market in Chapel Hill and Orange County continues to improve after rebounding nicely in the fourth quarter. Inventory levels are still high compared to levels at the end of 2007 and average and median sold prices have dropped dramatically. The cause of the drop is primarily that the federal homebuyer tax credits stimulated sales in the lower price ranges, but not the upper price ranges. Two plus years of diminishing sales has put downward pressure on all prices though, so with interest rates still near historic lows it's a great time to by a home in Chapel Hill, Carrboro and Orange County!

If you are interested in purchasing a home in Chapel Hill or Orange County in the near future, now seems to be a great time while interest rates are still low and inventory relatively high. Home prices might be higher in Chapel Hill and Orange County compared to the rest of the Triangle but the desirability of the school system and the lure of the college environment make Chapel Hill an appealing choice for many executives, professionals, and retirees relocating to the Triangle area. They don't call Chapel Hill the "Southern Part of Heaven" for nothing.

For additional information on the market in the Chapel Hill and surrounding area or to discuss buying or selling real estate in Orange County, please contact me at 919-536-0323 or send me an email to larry@larrypulley.com. Thanks and I look forward to assisting you.

State of Durham NC Real Estate Market- 1st Quarter 2010

06-26-10
Larry Pulley

Closed sales in the first quarter of 2010 were up 9.7% from the same period in 2009. This trend continued into April and May as sales were up 13.8% in April and 14.8% in May respectively over the same months in 2009. Showings in Durham County were down 33% in May, however, as buyers rushed to contract before expiration of the tax credits as buyers had to be under contract by April 30 to qualify for the credits. That left a void in motivated buyers.

The Durham residential real estate market begain showing signs of recovery in the 4th quarter of 2009 after experiencing significant declines over the previous two years. Homes sales in Durham County were up 27.8% in the 4th quarter after showing period over period declines in each quarter beginning the second half of 2007. A big reason for this surge in sales, though, was the first time homebuyer tax credit, originally scheduled to expire on November 30, 2009. Home sales in October and November were up dramatically, but sales in December, after the scheduled expiration, were flat when compared to 2008.

For the year 2009, sales of residential properties in Durham ended down 7.8% despite the 4th quarter surge. Home sales were down 18.1% through 3 quarters, falling 9.3% in the third quarter when compared to 2008, after declining 15.6% in the second quarter and 33.8% in the first quarter. This follows the calendar year 2008 when sales were down 29.1% when compared to 2007.

The number of home showings also reflects improvement in the Durham real estate market. Showings for the first quarter were up 9.2% as compared to first quarter 2009. Showings were up 25% in the 4th quarter 2009 when compared to 2008. Throughout the Triangle area though, showings were still down 3% for the year. This after showings were down 17.4% in 2008 when compared to 2007. (Source-Triangle MLS)

The price of homes continues to soften, despite the uptick in sales. The average sales price of homes sold in Durham County in the 1st quarter was $184,628, down 4.7% from 1st quarter 2009. The median sales price in the 1st quarter was $163,000, down 3% from 2009. There are a couple of reasons for the decrease in average sales price. First, the tax credits brought more first time buyers into the market who are purchasing the smaller homes. Secondly, in anticipation of the usual spring market upturn, sellers came out of the shell they have been in, and flooded the market with more inventory.

Until recently, despite soft sales, home prices in Durham held up relatively well. The average price of homes sold in 2009 was $196,310, flat when compared with 2008 average prices of $196,259, and down only 1.1% from the average sales price of $198,452 recorded in 2007. The median price of homes sold in 2009 was $171,200, also flat compared to 2008 median price of $171,250. (Source-Triangle MLS)

The average price for all homes on the market including re-sales as of April 15, 2010 was $234,312, down 7.8% from $254,173 in April 2009. The average price of new homes on the market as of April 15, 2010 was $271,148, down 7.7% from the average price of speculative (new) homes of $293,816 in April 2009. Resale homes make up approximately 3/4 of the available inventory of homes. (Source=Triangle MLS)


Inventory of available homes in Durham County as of March 31, 2010 increased 7.1% from March 2009, from 2,174 to 2329. Based on sales YTD through March 2010, the inventory of homes stood at 13 months in Durham, the same as for the entire Triangle area. This represents a significant increase from 6 months in inventory at the end of December 2009 but is consistent with months in inventory at the end of the first quarter 2009. (Source-Triangle MLS)


There was only a 6 month supply of homes in Durham as of December 31, 2008 based on average monthly sales. The supply of homes in the Triangle stood at 5 months at the end of 2007.
Inventory for homes priced below $300,000 stood at 11 months at the end of March 2010 while inventory of homes priced between $600,000-$800,000 stood at 45 months and inventory for homes price above $800,000 was a whopping 153 months. This is a great time to buy for the executive home buyer! (Source-Triangle MLS)


The average days on market for all active Durham homes was 84 days, while the average days on market for homes priced above $800,000 was 193 days. The average days on market for closed homes was 86 days versus 99 days in 2009, indicating that homes in the lower price ranges and priced correctly were still moving. Yet another indicator of the impact of the first time homebuyer tax credit. (Source-Triangle Area MLS)


According to figures released by the Federal Housing Finance Agency in May 2010, housing prices in the Durham-Chapel Hill Metropolitan Statistical Area decreased 2.9% for the twelve month period ending in March 2010 (-1.6% for the quarter) versus a negative 3.1% for the nation as a whole and negative 5.1% for the state of North Carolina. NC statistics are for purchase only transactions while MSA and US numbers included purchases and refinances.


Over the twelve month period ending in March 2010 home prices in the Durham Metropolitan Statistical area (MSA) ranked 68 out of 301 MSA's with at least 15,000 transactions over a 10 year period. Price appreciation in the Durham-Chapel Hill MSA for the past five years was up 13,5% versus negative 2.9% for the entire United States over the same period. Home prices in the Durham MSA have remained relatively stable, while other areas of the country have seen significant price decreases primarily because our area didn't see the rapid and unsustainable increases seen elsewhere. Still, the pressure of two years of slowing sales is beginning to have an impact on Durham area home prices.


The unemployment rate in the Durham MSA stood at 7.4% at end of April 2010, an improvement from the 7.9% unemployment rate at the end of December and from the worst months of June and July 2009 when unemployment reached 8.4%. The unemployment rate stood 6.2% at the end of December 2008, however, and was 3.8% at the end of December 2007. For the twelve month period ending in April 2010, Durham County gained 3,312 jobs which is encouraging as the county lost over 3,800 jobs in calendar year 2009.


Unemployment rates for the state of N.C. stood at a seasonably adjusted rate of 10.8% at the end of April 2010. The unemployment rate for the nation as a whole stood at 9.7% at the end of April. So while the unemployment rate for North Carolina is well above the national average, the Durham County unemployment rate remains below national and state averages indicating a stronger than average though still sputtering local economy. (Source- Employment Security Commission of NC).


Slowing sales over the past couple of years and now increased inventory has created more of a buyers' market in Durham. The best homes, in terms of location, price and condition, still sell within a reasonable amount of time, but with a lower absorption rate for the available inventory of homes, and therefore increased competition in some segments and locations, it is taking longer to move some homes particularly in the higher price ranges.


Sellers looking to put their home on the market need to understand that they must have the home in tiptop condition and priced correctly. For buyers, this is an excellent time to buy a home as inventory and thus choices are high while interest rates are still near historical lows. Meanwhile home prices in the area have held fairly steady despite recent declines, so waiting for the bottom is a game of chance.


Lending requirements have obviously been tightened in the midst of the recent bank rescues and credit crises, but loans remain available for qualified buyers with good credit scores and a solid work history.

For more information about buying or selling homes or other real estate in Durham, NC or other areas near Research Triangle Park, contact Larry Pulley at larry@larrypulley.com or call 919-604-0189.

Orange Co (Chapel Hill) NC- Market Report Year Ending 12/31/2009

02-25-10
Larry Pulley

The real estate market in Chapel Hill and Orange County showed dramatic improvement in the fourth quarter with sales up 46.1% when compared to 2008. Much of this increase is attributable to the federal first time homeowner tax credit which was scheduled to expire November 30 before Congress extended and enhanced the program to include existing homeowners. This is evidenced by the fact that November 2009 home sales were more than double sales in November 2008, while in December closed sales were up only 6.7%.

For calendar year 2009, home sales in Orange County ended down 10.6%. Sales through the first three quarters of 2009 were down 22% from 2008, after falling 28% for calender year 2008 when compared to 2007.

The average price of Orange County homes sold in 2009 was $317,847, down 1.2% as compared to 2008. For Chapel Hill-Carrboro, the average sales price for 2009 was $371,431 down 1.6% from $377,549 in 2008. Average sales price in all of Orange County for 2008 was $322,477, down 5.9% from 2007 figures of $342,740.

The average prices of sold homes in Chapel Hill and Orange County was still well above the average sold prices in 2009 of $196,310 in Durham County and $243,516 in Wake County (Raleigh/Cary), the other two primary counties comprising the Triangle region.

The median price of homes sold in Orange County for 2009 was $258,000, up 1.2% from 2008. The median price of Chapel Hill-Carrboro homes closed in 2009 was $308,000. up 2.7% from 2008. The median price of sold homes in calendar year 2008 was $255,000, up 7.6% from 2007. These numbers indicate prices of smaller homes are holding up very well

The demand for homes in Chapel Hill and Orange County priced under $300,000 is still quite high, putting a floor on the price of homes in the area, but economic conditions have forced builders and sellers of more expensive homes to negotiate a little more as the percent of original list price received by the seller dropped from $97.2% to 96.7% in Chapel Hill-Carrboro. It appears though that builders are raising prices again as the average price of newly constructed homes on the market rose 8.5% from Dec. 2008 to Dec. 2009 (see below).

For the entirety of Orange county the average price of all homes on the market as of December 31, 2009 was $460,173 versus $453,388 at the end of 2008, a 1.5% increase, while the average price of new homes on the market was $578,418 as compared to $532,997 at the end of December 2008, an increase of 8.5%. The December 2008 average price represented an increase of only 0.3% from average prices of $452,184 at the end of December 2007.

Inventory of available Orange County homes in all price ranges stood at 8 months as of December 31, 2009, with available homes up 5% from Dec. 2008. Inventory of homes priced under $300,000 was only 6 months, though. Inventory of homes in all price ranges in Orange County was at 7 months at the end of 2008. Orange County had only a five month supply of homes at the end of December 2007 The number of speculative (new) homes on the market in Orange County as of Dec. 31, 2009 had fallen to 164, down from 194 a year earlier, a decrease of 14% as new home builders reduced their standing inventory.

In summary, after months decreasing sales, the real estate market in Chapel Hill and Orange County rebounded nicely in the fourth quarter. Inventory levels are still high compared to levels at the end of 2007 and prior years, particularly in homes priced above $400,000 so we'll have to wait and see if builders are able to sustain recent price increases in the coming months.

If you are interested in purchasing a home in Chapel Hill or Orange County in the near future, now seems to be a great time while interest rates are still low and inventory relatively high. Home prices might be higher in Chapel Hill and Orange County compared to the rest of the Triangle but the desirability of the school system and the lure of the college environment make Chapel Hill an appealing choice for many executives, professionals, and retirees relocating to the Triangle area. They don't call Chapel Hill the "Southern Part of Heaven" for nothing.

For additional information on Durham real estate or the Durham community please contact me at 919-536-0323 or by email larry@larrypulley.com or check me out on the web at www.larrypulley.com.

Durham NC-State of Real Estate Market- Year Ending 12/31/2009

02-24-10
Larry Pulley

The Durham, NC residential real estate market showed signs of recovery in the 4th quarter of 2009 after experiencing significant declines over the past two years. Homes sales in Durham County were up 27.8% for the quarter after showing period over period declines in each quarter beginning the second half of 2007. A big reason for this surge in sales, though, was the first time homebuyer tax credit, originally scheduled to expire on November 30, 2009 but extended by Congress through April 30, 2010. Home sales in October and November were up dramatically, but sales in December, after the scheduled expiration, were flat when compared to 2008.

For the year, sales of residential properties in Durham ended down 7.8%. Home sales were down 18.1% through 3 quarters, falling 9.3% in the third quarter when compared to 2008, after declining 15.6% in the second quarter and 33.8% in the first quarter. This follows the calendar year 2008 when sales were down 29.1% when compared to 2007.

Despite soft sales, home prices in Durham have held up relatively well. The average price of homes sold in 2009 was $196,310, flat when compared with 2008 average prices of $196,259, and down only 1.1% from the average sales price of $198,452 recorded in 2007. The median price of homes sold in 2009 was $171,200, also flat compared to 2008 median price of $171,250.

The average price for all homes on the market including resales as of Dec. 31 2009 was $237,159, down 2.6% from $243,462 at the end of 2008. The average price of new homes on the market as of Dec. 31, 2009 was $279,205, down 5.2% from the average price of speculative (new) homes of $294,528 at the end of 2008. A decrease in average list price while the average sold price remained steady indicates sellers have realized they have to compete on price to get their homes sold. Resale homes make up approximately 3/4 of the available inventory of homes.

Slowing sales have created more of a buyers' market in Durham. The best homes, in terms of location, price and condition, still sell within a reasonable amount of time. With a lower absorption rate for the available inventory of homes, as evidenced by a increase in months in inventory to 7 months as of Dec. 2009 versus 6 months at the end of Dec. 2008, and therefore increased competition in some segments and locations, it is taking longer to move some homes.

Sellers looking to put their home on the market need to understand that they must have the home in tiptop condition and priced correctly. For buyers, this is an excellent time to buy a home as inventory and thus choices are high while interest rates are still near historical lows. Meanwhile home prices in the area have held fairly steady, so there is no need to wait for lower prices that probably won't come.

For additional information on Durham real estate or the Durham community please contact me at 919-536-0323 or by email larry@larrypulley.com or check me out on the web at www.larrypulley.com.