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Lynchburg, VA

History of Lynchburg Part 6-Federal Hill-History of a Neighborhood

08-24-09
Pat Preston
Pat Preston: Real Estate Sales Person in Lynchburg, VA

History of Lynchburg Part 6-Federal Hill-History of a Neighborhood

PICpic"Lynchburg is growing more rapidly than any town I have ever known in any country." So Thomas Jefferson wrote in 1817. He might have added that much of that growth was occurring on a certain hill just to the southwest of the original town limits. In fact, Federal Hill, as it soon came to be called, was Lynchburg's first residential suburb.

Two annexations, one in 1814, just prior to Jefferson's observation, the second following in 1819, brought Federal Hill within the town's jurisdiction. The wording of deeds transferring property from the town's founder, John Lynch, to others indicates that annexation of the area had always been intended. Lots had been surveyed "in conformity with the plan of the said town of Lynchburg with the privilege of streets and alleys as if it were within the actual limits of the town."


Because of the topography (Federal Hill, after all, is first and foremost a hill), some of those streets have never been opened, and still exist primarily on paper plats. Today's visitor will notice, perhaps with surprise, that a number of Federal Hill's streets dead-end at a bluff or cliff, only to pick up a block or so later, at a higher or - depending on your point of view - lower elevation.

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The many Federal-style houses built during Lynchburg's early nineteenth-century era of prosperity still define the neighborhood. When Federal Hill was studied in 1974, preparatory to being nominated to the National Register of Historic Places, the Virginia Landmarks Commission declared that few Piedmont cities of the South can boast of such a distinguished grouping of Federal dwellings."

Throughout the nineteenth century and well into the twentieth, Federal Hill continued as a "good address." In fact, it was one of Lynchburg's best. It was on Federal Hill in 1855 that gas was first introduced into a private house in Lynchburg, and soon after the Civil War ended, Lynchburg's first millionaire (having gotten rich on tobacco) elected to build his fashionable Second Empire mansion on the slopes of Federal Hill

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Architecturally, this continued growth throughout the 19th century meant that flat Greek Revival lintels soon began to appear alongside the splayed jack-arches of the Federal houses. Here and there, beginning around the time of Civil War, Italianate brackets began to embellish cornices, some of them on new houses, some of them on older ones whose owners wanted to be architecturally up-to-date. John W. Carroll, that first millionaire, introduced Lynchburg to the Second Empire style, both in his own house and in those he soon provided for his progeny nearby.


picToward the end of the nineteenth century, Lynchburg prospered anew as it sought to forget the war to become a leading player in the progressive drama of development called the "New South." Though new suburbs were laid out and soon built upon, stretching the city limits ever farther in all directions, Federal Hill continued as a prime residential venue. Houses built during these years were generally in the ornate Queen Anne style, often in striking architectural contrast with the earlier, more sedate neighbors

At the turn of the century, the hill's centrality and prominence were acknowledged when the Lynchburg High School - Queen Anne writ large - went up on Federal Street. By this time, though, Federal Hill was largely built up, and construction of the school resulted in the demolition of one of the best of the early houses.

picSimilarly, the 1909 construction of "Federal Crest (pic right") the last of the large-scale houses on the hill, and the sole example of the newly popular Georgian Revival style, was accomplished only by the destruction of one of the city's most important ante-bellum Italian villas.

Through all periods of growth, Federal Hill never abandoned its residential role. It was close enough to downtown Lynchburg for its residents to shop there, and even closer to the nearby churches on Court Street for Sunday worship.

As the wide-awake twentieth century progressed elsewhere, Federal Hill was seldom disturbed by the sounds of new construction. The high school moved away fairly early, leaving the building to become a local elementary school.

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The neighborhood began to nod off a bit, then dozed, took a nap, and almost went into a deep sleep. Definitely isolated from the surrounding urban areas by its topography, and blessedly still not bisected by any "through streets" with their attendant traffic, or worse - pressures to demolish for commercial enterprises - Federal Hill became a quiet backwater, its houses still lived in and loved, but hardly the center of activity and prosperity they once had been.

Since there was little pressure for change, wonderful amenities such as flagstone sidewalks, cast-iron fences - things that some preservationists call "street furniture" - remained in place, and still do. As time went on, though, many single-family dwellings were converted into rooming houses, paint was applied less and less frequently, and an unmistakable air of decline set it.

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Fortunately, within the last several decades, that direction not only been arrested, it has been reversed. The acceptance of the district into the National Register of Historic Places in 1980 was a step in the right direction, as was its designation as a locally zoned historic district 1978.

The school took a new lease on life when it was converted into apartments, an adaptive use that was lauded by the National Trust for Historic Preservation. Federal Hill can now even boast a preservation "first"

The Gordon House(pic right) 1023 Jackson Street was the first house in the Commonwealth to be advertised and sold through the Virginia Historic Preservation Foundation, the state-wide revolving fund established in 1988 to promote the sale and protection of historic properties.

The Federal Hill Historical Association, established in 1993,is doing its part to insure that the neighborhood will remain an attractive, convenient, residential area for Lynchburg, and that its notable houses will remain a major component of Lynchburg's - and Virginia's - historic patrimony.

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IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO BUY OR SELL A HOME IN THE LYNCHBURG OR SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES CHECK OUT MY WEBSITE FOR ALL THE CURRENT LISTINGS OR GIVE ME A CALL AT

(434)832-1100X320

MY WEBSITE

www.patprestonrealtor.com

CLICK ON THE LINKS BELOW TO FEED A HUNGRY FURBABY

CLICK ON THE BREAST CANCER SITE TO DONATE A MAMMOGRAM

http://www.theanimalrescuesite.com/

www.petfinder.com

www.breastcancersite.com

Proud supporter of

CMN and Susan G. Komen as well as the SPCA.

A portion of every one of my real estate transactions goes to CMN

PROUD MEMBER OF THE LYNCHBURG MLS, DANVILLE MLS & CREA

History of Lynchburg Part 5-The Seven Hills

08-22-09
Pat Preston
Pat Preston: Real Estate Sales Person in Lynchburg, VA

The Seven Hills of Lynchburg

College Hill, Garland Hill, Daniel's Hill, Federal Hill, Diamond Hill, White Rock Hill, and Franklin Hill were the original "Seven Hills" of the City of Lynchburg.

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Lynchburg is an independent city located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2006 census, the city had a total population of 67,720, but is at about 70,000 residents as of 2007. Located in the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the banks of the James River, Lynchburg is known as the "City of Seven Hills" Lynchburg, Virginia is nicknamed the Hill City due to its piedmont location proximate to the Blue Ridge Mountains bordering the Shenandoah Valley.

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"The Hill City" and sometimes described as "A City Unto Itself" because it is not located within any county limits, but a city in the middle of Amherst, Bedford, Campbell and Appomattox Counties. The 2,122 square mile Metropolitan Statistical Area of Lynchburg is near the geographic center of Virginia and encompasses Amherst County, Appomattox County, Bedford County, Campbell County, City of Bedford, and City of Lynchburg.

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It is the fifth largest MSA in Virginia with a population of 239,510. Other nearby cities include Roanoke, Charlottesville and Danville. Lynchburg's sister cities are Rueil-Malmaison, France and Glauchau, Germany. Lynchburg is the home of Central Virginia Community College, Christ College, Liberty University, Lynchburg College, Randolph College, and Virginia University of Lynchburg. The Lynchburg MSA also includes Sweet Briar College.

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The city had the highest percentage of freed slaves in the South at the commencement of the Civil War and at that time also enjoyed the second highest per capital income in the United States.Thomas Jefferson after his presidency made Poplar Forest outside Lynchburg his retirement home and called Lynchburg “the most interesting spot in Virginia.” Today, except for Richmond, Lynchburg has the largest treasure trove of historic and architecturally significant buildings in the Commonwealth.

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Lynchburg was awarded a ranking of 15th best city in America. For metropolitan areas over 100,000 population, Justice Department statistics rank the city the eighth safest in America and EPA ranks the city environmentally as having the second cleanest air and water quality.

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Here are the link to Part 1-4 of the History of Lynchburg

History of Lynchburg Va Part 1

History of Lynchburg Va Part 2

History of Lynchburg Va Part 3

History of Lynchburg Va Part 4

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO BUY OR SELL A HOME IN THE LYNCHBURG OR SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES CHECK OUT MY WEBSITE FOR ALL THE CURRENT LISTINGS OR GIVE ME A CALL AT

(434)832-1100X320

MY WEBSITE

www.patprestonrealtor.com

CLICK ON THE LINKS BELOW TO FEED A HUNGRY FURBABY

CLICK ON THE BREAST CANCER SITE TO DONATE A MAMMOGRAM

http://www.theanimalrescuesite.com/

www.petfinder.com

www.breastcancersite.com

Proud supporter of

CMN and Susan G. Komen as well as the SPCA.

A portion of every one of my real estate transactions goes to CMN

PROUD MEMBER OF THE LYNCHBURG MLS, DANVILLE MLS & CREA

History of Lynchburg-Part 3

08-19-09
Pat Preston
Pat Preston: Real Estate Sales Person in Lynchburg, VA

History of Lynchburg-Part 3

Hello Everybody-I hope you are enjoying this series of the history of Lynchburg as much I am doing it. Lynchburg is definitely a HISTORY BUFF"S DREAM. If you missed the first 2 parts here are the links BELOW

Lynchburg HISTORY Part 1 Lynchburg HISTORY Part 2

The 1850's also saw the arrival of telegraph service to Richmond, along with a gas works for lighting, and a sewer system. More importantly, Lynchburg achieved full status as a city on August 27, 1852. In 1854, the South Side railroad began operation with the arrival of the first train from Petersburg at the Island depot.

picLynchburg would see its third railroad, the Orange and Alexandria (a northern route), in a few more years. In the summer of 1855, Lynchburg served as a refuge from the yellow-fever-plagued cities of Norfolk and Portsmouth, and in the following year, a series of back-to-back snowstorms dumped 58 inches of snow on Lynchburg.

During the Civil War, Lynchburg served primarily as a supply and hospital center, and was spared most of the destruction that befell other Virginia cities and towns. Lynchburg did see battle action, however, in June of 1864, when Confederate forces successfully fought off a Union attack. On June 17, Union General David Hunter approached the city from the west after moving down the Shenandoah Valley burning farms and towns.

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After a series of delaying actions by Confederate General John McCausland, the Union troops managed to force back a Confederate line positioned at the old Quaker Meeting House, and took the nearby Sandusky House (1808, pic left) for use as a temporary headquarters. Sandusky today(pic right)

On June 18 following the fallback, Confederate forces, now reinforced by General Jubal Early, maintained positions along a 3-mile line west of the town (extending from what is now Fort Early to McCausland Ridge).

After inconclusive fighting, the Union troops withdrew under the false impression they were facing a larger Confederate force. Part of the deception arose from a continuous series of train movements on several rail lines, giving the impression that reinforcements were arriving at a steady pace. The following day, General Early chased the Union troops back towards Liberty (now Bedford), overtaking them and inflicting heavy casualties.

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The Battle of Lynchburg is reenacted each year at Berkley, an antebellum estate in Bedford county. Over 3,000 Confederate dead are buried in the Old Confederate Cemetery, located just west of the southern end of Fifth St.).

In late September of 1870, Lynchburg experienced its worst flood in history when the James rose 26 feet out of its banks. The flood destroyed all bridges across the river, all railroad property in the river basin and on the island, the main gas pipe across Blackwater Creek and the water works pump house, leaving the city without light or water for months, and without a bridge across the James. In 1877, yet another flood wreaked similar havoc, once again destroying all bridges.


Lynchburg 1875

In this view from Amherst County, one can see the
court house (top middle), the Va. & Tennessee depot
and train shed (center/left), the V&T roundhouse (right)
and covered wooden bridge across the James River

(destroyed by flood in 1877).

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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO BUY OR SELL A HOME IN THE LYNCHBURG OR SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES CHECK OUT MY WEBSITE FOR ALL THE CURRENT LISTINGS OR GIVE ME A CALL AT

(434)832-1100X320

MY WEBSITE

www.patprestonrealtor.com

CLICK ON THE LINKS BELOW TO FEED A HUNGRY FURBABY

CLICK ON THE BREAST CANCER SITE TO DONATE A MAMMOGRAM

http://www.theanimalrescuesite.com/

www.petfinder.com

www.breastcancersite.com

Proud supporter of

CMN and Susan G. Komen as well as the SPCA.

A portion of every one of my real estate transactions goes to CMN

PROUD MEMBER OF THE LYNCHBURG MLS, DANVILLE MLS & CREA

THE HISTORY OF LYNCHBURG PART 2

08-17-09
Pat Preston
Pat Preston: Real Estate Sales Person in Lynchburg, VA

This is part #2 of the series of "THE HISTORY OF LYNCHBURG" Lynchburg is indeed rich in history and I will try and capture some of the best of it in this series. If you missed Part 1, here is the link. HISTORY OF LYNCHBURG PT 1

THE HISTORY OF LYNCHBURG PART 2

picIn the late 1820's, the town accomplished a major engineering feat with the construction of a water works system which drew its supply from the river below. Plagued by continual problems with a spring and well-based water supply, a reservoir was constructed (at the corner of 7th and Clay St.) along with wooden pipes and a pump house at the river (near the base of 7th).

In 1830 at the height of the Lynchburg tobacco trade, over 50 tons of the regions cash crop were processed a year. As a result, Lynchburg became one of the wealthiest cities in the nation per capita income, second only to the whaling town of New Bedford, Massachusetts

The decade brought with it some unusual phenonema to Lynchburg, including an earthquake, an all-night meteor storm, a hailstorm that broke almost every window in the town, and a rare auroral display in the northern sky. By the end of the 1830's, Lynchburg's population topped 6000.

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By 1840, the James River and Kanawha Canal was completed(the town had in 1832 dropped a planned railroad in favor of the canal system), and packet boats began regular operation between Lynchburg and Richmond (a lock from the Kanawha canal is preserved on the Blue Ridge Parkway and Rte. 501 intersection about 15 miles west of the city).

1842 and 1847 brought two floods, the latter one wreaking havoc with the canal system and destroying the water works dam, leaving the town without water for several months

Early Va & Tennessee RR Locomotive

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On March 24, 1848, Lynchburg incorporated the Lynchburg and Tennessee (soon to be named Virginia & Tennessee) Railroad, following the refusal of the state to fund its construction. By June 1, sufficient funds had been raised to retain the charter, and by October, property at the old ferry site had been purchased to build a depot, and contractors were solicited for the first segment from Lynchburg to Salem.

Construction began in 1850, and on February 18, 1852, the railroad's first locomotive (the "Virginia") was tested when it climbed out of the river basin, disappeared into a tunnel and then returned (By 1881, the Virginia & Tennessee Railroad would be a part of the Norfolk & Western RR).


(The "Roanoke," as photographed in 1854. A sister
locomotive, the "Lynchburg," had blown up two years
earlier in Forest, Virginia, killing two people)

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO BUY OR SELL A HOME IN THE LYNCHBURG OR SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES CHECK OUT MY WEBSITE FOR ALL THE CURRENT LISTINGS OR GIVE ME A CALL AT

(434)832-1100X320

IMPORTANT LINKS

MY WEBSITE

www.patprestonrealtor.com

CLICK ON THE LINKS BELOW TO FEED A HUNGRY FURBABY

CLICK ON THE BREAST CANCER SITE TO DONATE A MAMMOGRAM

http://www.theanimalrescuesite.com/

www.petfinder.com

www.breastcancersite.com

Proud supporter of

CMN and Susan G. Komen as well as the SPCA.

A portion of every one of my real estate transactions goes to CMN

PROUD MEMBER OF THE LYNCHBURG MLS, DANVILLE MLS & CREA

The History of Lynchburg, Virginia-Part 1

08-14-09
Pat Preston
Pat Preston: Real Estate Sales Person in Lynchburg, VA

PICTHE HISTORY OF LYNCHBURG VIRGINIA-AN OVERVIEW

In the mid-1750's, the colonial village of New London in Central Virginia was an important trading center, however, it was difficult to reach from northern towns (such as Charlottesville) due to the necessity of fording the Fluvanna (now James) River, which passed twelve miles north of the village. John Lynch, son of land-owner Charles Lynch and Quaker Sarah Clark Lynch, decided to remedy this problem, and in 1757, established a ferry service on the James a few hundred yards upstream from the ford, on property owned by his father.

The ferry service remained profitable for many years, and by the end of the American Revolution, the village at Lynch's Ferry had itself become an important center of trade. Lynch saw the possibilities of establishing a town on the hill overlooking the ferry site, and in late 1784 petitioned the General Assembly of Virginia for a town charter. In October, 1786, the charter was granted, founding the town of Lynchburg.

The year in which Lynch began operation of his ferry (1757) also saw the beginning of regular meetings of the South River Society of Friends (Quakers) in which John's mother Sarah played a key role. The third and last South River meeting house was built in 1798, and served the Quakers until 1839 when it was abandoned (most Quakers had left the area in the 1820's due to their opposition to slavery).

PICThe building soon fell into ruins (pictured to the left), but was restored in the early 1900's after the land was purchased by area Presbyterians (across from the intersection of Fort Avenue and Sandusky Drive). The town of Lynchburg grew slowly between 1786 and the turn of the century, with the addition of a tobacco warehouse, a few stores, homes, taverns, a Masonic Lodge and one small church. 1798 saw the creation of the town's first newspaper, and the following year saw initial efforts to supply the town with water from springs and wells.

picBy the early 1800's, tobacco was the city's major economy, with numerous warehouses processing and shipping the product east to Richmond by river batteaux. 1817 saw the beginnings of construction of the Salem Turnpike (the roadbed of what is now U.S. 460 between Lynchburg and Roanoke) as well as a toll bridge across the James River (this bridge was at 9th street, at the original ferry site).

John Lynch (founder of the ferry, the town, and who also headed the toll bridge project) died on October 31, 1820, and was buried in the cemetery beside the Quaker Meeting House

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

IF YOU ARE LOOKING TO BUY OR SELL A HOME IN THE LYNCHBURG OR SURROUNDING COMMUNITIES CHECK OUT MY WEBSITE FOR ALL THE CURRENT LISTINGS OR GIVE ME A CALL AT

(434)832-1100X320

IMPORTANT LINKS

MY WEBSITE

www.patprestonrealtor.com